Tuesday, 22 July 2014

for vs. since / When…? vs. How long…?

As the calender turns...



You use for and since to say how long something has been happening.

Use for + a period of time (one hour, five weeks, etc.):

I’ve been bingewatching Breaking Bad for four days.
I haven’t seen a grammarillo for a week.

Use since + the start of a period (7 o’clock, Saturday, 1987, etc.):

I’ve been bingewatching Breaking Bad since Thursday.
I haven’t seen a grammarillo since June.

It’s possible to leave out for (but not usually in negative sentences):

My parents have been married (for) twenty-five years. (with or without for)
They haven’t had a break for three hours. (you must use for)

Don’t use for + all … (all day, all my life, etc.):

Raoul has lived in this area all his life. (not for all his life)

You can use in instead of for in negative sentences:

Alex hasn’t had a cold in five years. (= for five years)


When …? (+ past simple) and How long …? (+ present perfect):

“When did it start snowing?”                    “It started an hour ago / at 10 o’clock.”
“How long has it been snowing?”             “It’s been snowing for an hour / since 10 o’clock.”

Note that both the present simple and the present perfect can be used in these cases:

It’s (= It is)
or It’s been (=It has been)
a long time
six months
etc.

since something happened

It’s two months since I saw a grammarillo.          or            It’s been two years since ... (= I haven’t seen a grammarillo for two years.)
It’s ages since Dani and Mia went to the cinema.      or     It’s been ages since … (= They haven’t been to the cinema for ages)

How long is it since our birdie died?          or            How long has it been since …? (=When did the birdie die?)




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